Theoretical Perspectives Influencing Communication Research: A Classification Based on Hollis’ Model (1994)

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24137/raeic.12.24.12

Keywords:

communication, epistemology, philosophy, history of communication research, meta-research, methodology, Hollis´s model (1994)

Abstract

Drawing on the usefulness of models as heuristic tools for reflecting on communication research (McQuail, 1997), the model proposed by Hollis (1994) for classifying social science theories was employed to organise some of the most influential theoretical perspectives in the field of communication research. The model is structured around two dichotomies — Explanation versus Understanding and Holism versus Individualism — generating four quadrants: Systems, Games, Agents and Actors. In the Systems quadrant, positivism, functionalism, and Bertalanffy's general systems theory have been positioned. The Games quadrant includes Wittgenstein’s theory of games, hermeneutics, Ricoeur’s theory of action, symbolic interactionism, semiotics, and Habermas’s theory of communicative action. The Agents quadrant comprises pragmatism and postpositivism, while the Actors quadrant encompasses phenomenology and ethnomethodology. While the model does not claim to encompass all influential theoretical proposals in communication research, it reveals different conceptions of research and society that have influenced this field. It also highlights the necessity of developing theoretical approaches to communication research that recognise people's dual status as both subjects and objects, depending on the context (Rosengren, 1989).

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Author Biography

  • Gloria Gomez-Diago, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos

    Gloria Gómez-Diago: PhD, with an extraordinary award from Rey Juan Carlos University (URJC) for her dissertation, Communication Research: 400 Ideas and a proposal to update the interaction Paradigm. She is a professor and coordinator for Journalism degree of communication research methodology at Rey Juan Carlos University. She teaches research methodology classes to doctoral students at the International Doctoral School of Rey Juan Carlos University. Her research interests include meta-research, history of communication research, journalism education, citizen participation, digital communication and employability in communication. She coordinates the Consolidated Teaching Innovation Group for Employability in Communication (URJC) and is Vice-chair of the Working Group on Media Literacies and Communication Competencies of the European Communication Research and Education Association (ECREA).

    She has published over thirty papers, including articles, chapters and encyclopedia entries, and has presented over forty communications at national and international conferences. She reviews national and international journals and is a member of scientific associations such as the AE-IC, the IAMCR and the ICA.

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Published

2025-12-26

How to Cite

Theoretical Perspectives Influencing Communication Research: A Classification Based on Hollis’ Model (1994). (2025). Revista De La Asociación Española De Investigación De La Comunicación, 12(24), raeic122412. https://doi.org/10.24137/raeic.12.24.12